Dennis Potters Blue Remembered Hills :: Dennis Potters Blue Remembered Hills Essays

Dennis Potters Blue Remembered HillsA.E. Housemans poem looks back at childishness as a land of lost substance meaning that when you are a child you are innocent and youdont have a care in the world. Also he says that childhood is ahappy highway where I went / and cannot come again meaning that theyare the best old age of your life but you can never go back there.Dennis Potter took the poem and turned it in to a play about a separateof children who were on there school holidays in the forest of dean inGloucester. Potter is asking if childhood is such a land of lostcontent and is children so innocent.The poem was set in the summer of 1943 and there were 5 boys and 2girls who were played by adults. The first person we meet is Williewho is playing at worldness a spitfire. Next we meet peter who is a bit ofa bully. There is Audrey who is a bit of an ugly tag-along and thenthere is Angela who is a pretty girl who orders Audrey about. There isalso Raymond who has a stutter and John he is a bit of a hero and isnumber 2 be there is Donald he is a bit of a pyromaniac.In the play the behaviour is realistic because that is what they wouldreally do if they were in the forest of dean. They do things that precisely children do for example in scene 5 Donald, Angela and Audrey arefanaticising about being adults and are playing houses. Also theylaugh about knickers being made out of silk. John and peter have afight in scene 11. It all started in scene 10 Raymond was standing onhis head and Audrey shouted that there was blood in his ear and Johnwas standing up for Raymond and Peter was trying to make Raymond looseand then they induce in to a fight and John won and peter was runningaway Run, babby, run and peter ends up in the old barn lecture toDonald. In this part of the play Dennis Potter is trying to make themlook as if they are not so innocent. They are being deliberately cruel when they are trying to knock a squirrel out of a tree and theyeventually knock it out and kill it. An incident of when they areunintentionally being cruel is when they trap Donald in the barn whenDonald is starting a fire in amongst the hay.

The Theme of Heritage in “Everday Use” Essay -- Character Analysis, M

In her late twentieth-century short story common Use, African-American writer Alice Walker contrasts the struggle between the main characters involving the recurring theme. The story takes place in a rural Georgia setting during the 1970s. The plot circulates around Mama, Maggie, and Dee. Through pop out, heritage develops and remains a central theme revolving them. each of these women in the Johnson family tries to stay true to heritage value. But different roles of heritage exist between each woman, so their ways of achieving this mission differs. The story Everyday Use exemplifies the various understandings and use of heritage through Mama, Maggie, and Dee.To highlight her heritage theme, Walker displays how the character Mama considers the address of Dee. Dee changes her name and Mama has a volition of whether or not to use it. Throughout, Mama uses Dee and Wangero interchangeably. As David Cowart writes, Mrs. Johnson is confused and cannot commit herself to the new na me. She tries to have it both ways, referring to her daughter right off by one name, now by the other . . . (Cowart 1 of 7). As the narrator, Mama employs the new or original name for a reason. Carol Andrews observes that Mama administers Wangero when she is denying the view Dee has because unlike Dee she understands what the quilts represent. Snatched the quilts out of Miss Wangeros hands . . . (EU qtd. in Andrews 3 of 4). Mama explains the connection of the name Dee to female ancestors. You know as well as me, you was named subsequently your aunt Dicie . . . I probably could have carried it back beyond the Civil War through the branches (EU 89). Helga Hoel writes that Mama is amazed that Dee would give up her name, for Dee was the name of her great-gran... ...es opposing view. On the whole, Alice Walker employs the characters Mama, Maggie, and Dee to illustrate the various understandings and customs of heritage. Mama, the narrator and mother, expresses her values throug h abundant genealogy knowledge and daughter interactions. The sr. daughter, Maggie, emerges as a result of her Mama resembling prospective, and the ability for tradition to live on through her. Yet, universal influences cause Dee, the other daughter, to develop opposing outlooks. comportment of conflicting views fester between the Johnson women. To dispel opposition, Walker rightfully places certain views on a pedestal during the final scene. Many criticize the effects of caller and setting on ideals the story capitalizes. The central idea suggests Walker, an African-American woman just like the main characters, struggled with concepts herself.

The Raven and Ligeia a comparison Essay examples -- English Literature

The Raven and Ligeia a comparisonAlthough the two tales are presented in different literary forms thetales themselves deal with remarkably similar subject matter. So such(prenominal)so that it is possible to compare the style of each with but a littlereference to the general themes of the two works.The Raven and Ligeia are both about loss. The bank clerks of both taleshave lost the dearest thing to them, a charwo small-arm of incomparable talentsand beauty. That the loss of this woman has happened for differentreasons does not matter for it is how this loss manifests itself inthe lives of the narrators that provide the drama and the poignancy ofthe stories. In each we discover the narrator is dwelling upon thatwoman that he adored and in each we find the peculiar way in whichthey deal with this.In the Raven a man sits alone in his chamber reading ancient tomestrying desperately to keep his mind from thoughts of his lost Lenore.But he hears the sounds from without the chamber that could be perchancethe ghost of his be whopd. It is this irrational hope and fear that thebounds of death can somehow be transcended and that he might once morespeak with his love that begins to lead to his irrational behaviour.When the titular Raven makes its appearance the narrator is workedinto such a f ever of imagination guilt and fear that he perceives thebird as some emissary from beyond. So it is that its constantrepetition of nevermore are taken as both confirmation that thespirit of Lenore lives on and denial of him to ever speak to heragain. The narrator leaves us still locked with the bird projectingupon it his own feelings of self-loathing and hate.Ligeia on the other hand is a statelier version of the narrat... ...e thing he identifies with inhis current situation. When after the raven appears to have refutedhis fantasy of Lenore he finds that he hates the raven as an extensionof himself and perhaps the raven is nothing more than the narrators metaphor for himself or at least some darker aspect of his mind.The main difference between the two tales is that while Ligeia iscouched in very descriptive prose the Raven makes much more use ofmetaphor. That said the style of the poem is very much that of arhyming tale and as such is also similar to the prose building of theshort story. In conclusion it should be noted that both are excellentattempts to tackle a difficult and provocative subject and they managethis in two similar but unique ways. It is the similarity, which lendsthem both power and the stylistic differences that mark them as beingexceptional.

Freedom of Expression- A Service to Citizens Essay -- Censorship

The First Amendment to the United States Constitution says that Congress shall make no law . . . abridging the freedom of speech (Freedom of Expression). It has been proven done the court system that speech goes far beyond regular verbal communication (Freedom of Expression). If this is be true, then why is there so much controversy over the freedom of verbal expression? If the right to freedom of expression is taken away, the government will steadily become to a greater extent and more powerful until it controls every facet of life. Even though the United States prides itself on being a staunchly democratic nation, it is no better than a domineering government if it steals the right of freedom of expression from its citizens. Most people do not wish to live in a society oppressed by an all-powerful government that gives them very little freedom. Holding Orwells society as a model, a government that has too much power will gladly let its citizens endure pain, suffering, and even t orture. For society to be productive, people must be allowed to express their ideas and thoughts, if they cannot, then civilization will move rearward instead of frontward. The issue of freedom of expression is not a new problem. In fact, people have been debating it for years, even on the Supreme Court level. whizz such case is Schenck v. United States, where it was deemed felonious for Schenck to distribute pamphlets urging people to impede the process of the draft (Schenck v. United States). The Supreme Court thought that it was illegal for Schenck to do this, and he was convicted, but on another case dealing with the freedom of expression the court took the opposite side. In the case of Tinker v. diethylstilboestrol Moines, a school prohibited students from wearing black armba... ... gotten across. Living an emotionless existence is surely not living at all, and this is why freedom of expression should be a guaranteed right. It is very important for a functional society whe re people are entitled to their opinion and are able to freely conjure constructive criticism. When it is taken away, oppression, poverty, and the general degradation of society is seen in abundance. A society in which people are allowed to speak their minds is infinitely better than an Orwellian one in which people feared thinking thoughts that could be unwelcome to the government. A terrible place if one were not even safe in their mind. The return world is a place to give full freedom of expression to everyone. Everyone deserves the chance to get their ideas across, and depriving them of that opportunity is borderline inhumane. It is simply immoral to deny this right.

The Censorship Of Huck Finn :: essays research papers

The Censorship of Huckelberry FinnThe Adventures of Huckelberry Finn has been called one of the greatest pieces of American literature, deemed a classic. The book has been use by teachers across the country for years. Now, Huck Finn, along with other remarkable novels such(prenominal) as Catcher in the Rye and To Kill a Mockingbird, atomic number 18 being pulled off the shelves of libraries and banned from classrooms. All the glory this majestic piece by Mark Twain has acquired is slowly being deteriorated. This isoccurring because whatever say it does not meet todays politically correct standards. This is an immense disturbance to all who have read and cherished Huckelberry Finn and know this workstrue meaning.Censorship, as defined in the dictionary, is, in the case of a book, to take out things thought to be objectionable. Censorship is far more than that. This mere word prohibits us from all thingsbranded with its mark. In this instance of The Adventures of Huckelberry Finn, i t takes away an American treasure, and more importantly, defies First Ammendment rights. Those who find HuckFinn distasteful and unappropriate are trying to brand this work, by censorship, and make it unjust to read. This is alike to a farmer trying to brand his mark upon a bull, with those against HuckFinn as the farmers and Huckelberry Finn is the bull. As most know the bull never goes down without a fight and wont allow thje farmer to branded, just as the supporters of Huckelberry Finnwill not just be taken down passively. The main reason Huckelberry Finn is being subjected to such scrutiny is because of the way Twain protrayed nigger Jim, and his use of the racial slur.The Anti-Huckelberry Finn feel that it is to uncomfortable for African-Americans to read the book and think they are being stereotyped into Jims image. Though some find it wrong for thisAmerican treasure to remain availible due to its racism, this is not the case. Even though the word nigger is used over 200 time s in the book, it was common for African-Americans to be referedto as this during the period of the book and the time the book was published. Those trying to have Huckelberry Finn censored are also opposed to Jim being represent as an uneducated man, verysuperstitious, infantile, passive, and generally uncultured, as written by Frank Ritter. These ideas may at first seem like the basis for a good arguement, but it is later apparent that these

The Censorship Of Huck Finn :: essays research papers

The Censorship of Huckelberry FinnThe Adventures of Huckelberry Finn has been called one of the greatest pieces of American literature, deemed a classic. The book has been used by teachers across the country for years. Now, Huck Finn, along with other remarkable novels such as Catcher in the Rye and To Kill a Mockingbird, are universe pulled off the shelves of libraries and banned from classrooms. All the glory this majestic piece by Mark Twain has acquired is slowly being deteriorated. This isoccurring because some say it does not admit todays politically correct standards. This is an immense disturbance to all who have read and cherished Huckelberry Finn and know this workstrue meaning.Censorship, as defined in the dictionary, is, in the chemise of a book, to take out things thought to be objectionable. Censorship is far more than that. This mere word prohibits us from all thingsbranded with its mark. In this subject of The Adventures of Huckelberry Finn, it takes away an Amer ican treasure, and more importantly, defies First Ammendment rights. Those who take note HuckFinn distasteful and unappropriate are trying to brand this work, by censorship, and make it unjust to read. This is similar to a farmer trying to brand his mark upon a bull, with those against HuckFinn as the farmers and Huckelberry Finn is the bull. As most know the bull never goes down without a vie and wont allow thje farmer to branded, just as the supporters of Huckelberry Finnwill not just be taken down passively. The main reason Huckelberry Finn is being subjected to such test is because of the way Twain protrayed nigger Jim, and his use of the racial slur.The Anti-Huckelberry Finn feel that it is to uncomfortable for African-Americans to read the book and think they are being stereotyped into Jims image. Though some find it wrong for thisAmerican treasure to remain availible due to its racism, this is not the case. Even though the word nigger is used over 200 times in the book, it was reciprocal for African-Americans to be referedto as this during the period of the book and the time the book was published. Those trying to have Huckelberry Finn censored are also opposed to Jim being portrayed as an uneducated man, verysuperstitious, infantile, passive, and generally uncultured, as written by Frank Ritter. These ideas may at first seem like the basis for a solid arguement, but it is later apparent that these

Europe After A Century: From 1774 to 1848 Essay

Time changes things. That is a fact and the changes are more pronounced especially after the passage of 1 hundred years. The land run throughs geological changes and its people are transformed as knowledge increases through observation, an some other(prenominal) forms of learning as well as interaction with other people groups having different culture and outlook in sprightliness. But when comparing the changes that occurred in Europe betwixt 1774 and 1848 the discussion is elevated to a higher(prenominal) level because this is the period in World history when radical changes swept through Europe and the recline of the world.This paper will look at the factors that created a degree of change never before seen in the history of mankind. Yet, in effectuate to remain grounded and focused on the distinctly European changes, the works of ii influential Western writers will be examined. And since Johann Wolfgang von Goethe completed his most important work in the late 18th century and Karl Marx on the other hold completed his masterpiece in the late 19th century, then these two men qualify as representatives of their meter. Those who will read their works is like flavour at a portal which one(a) can see the differences mingled with two European society in two different eras.Goethes theme The portal that will allow eon travel to this period is through Goethes famous work The Sorrows of Young Werther (Werther). And this is possible because Goethe mirrored his own thwarting and passion to his masterpiece. In the introduction to a translated work of Werther Catherine Hutter pointed out that, In 1772 Goethe spent the summer months in legal apprenticeship at the Reichskamergericht in the town of Wetzlar, the unnmaed locale of Werther and there he fell in enjoy with a woman Charlotte Buff who was destined to marry another man.Using Goethes own experience with heartbrokenness and using the town of Wetzlar as the backdrop allows the reader to get a glimpse of a bygone era. There are many who will add up to the assertion that this era is in the Age of Sentiment where emotions rule and people are overly amative if there is such a thing. In other words it was a time not far removed from the Medieval ideals of chivalry and the strict cultural norms that are evident in many Christianized European societies.For modern lovers they whitethorn find Werthers dramatic prose a bit too much for their taste and begin to wonder if there was indeed a time when men had to go exert so much effort in order to wed the women of his dreams. In the story of the young Werther the reader does not only get an insight as to the extent that a man will go secure the love of a woman just besides the amount of energy and mental torture required analyzing their feelings. This self-torture was evident even from the onset when Werther described to his friend the sorrows of his heart.In the end young Werthers heart could not take it any longer and he took a pistol and shot himself in the forehead. His goal was not only to drown his sorrows but more importantly he hopes that the news of his death will reach his beloved Leonora. And true enough a servant brought the bad tidings to his love and as soon as Leonora heard of it she fell on the floor senseless. That is perhaps the fitting reaction and that behavior would at least comfort the hurt soul of Werther knowing that Leonora cares for him.Karl Marxs pronunciamento The year 1848 was a milestone in history. It was the same year when Karl Marx published his pronunciamento of the Communist Party (Manifesto) From the get go there was no doubt in everyones mind that Marxs work was a piece of brilliant work. Even those who may disagree with the authors pronouncements and conclusions will pick out no choice but to concur that the Manifesto is indeed the product of an astute mind.Marxs Manifesto serves as a systematic criticism of capitalism and the sensational work made the author as a man both hated and worship since 1848. Marx minced no words in saying that there is a continuing class struggle and that those who are in the position to dominate will never surrender their position of privilege and power. And that they will do everything that they can to maintain the status quo to the detriment of those who belong to the lower classes. In Goethes Europe (circa 1774) one cannot find a sharp distinction amongst classes.Although one can easily commiserate that there are cultural norms that created status this distinction between groups of people is not as pronounced as in the time of Marx when the political philosopher was up to(p) to categorize the ancient and general but distinct groupingsfreewoman and slavespatrician and plebeianlord and serfguild master and journeymanRulers and their Subjects andOppressor and the Oppressed.To the above-mentioned grouping Karl Marxs Manifesto added a new category and Marx explains that during the time of his writing European societies a re slowly evolving into a more simpler class gradation.Marx explains that in 1848, Society as a whole is more and more splitting up into two great hostile camps, into two great classes directly facing each other Bourgeoisie and the Proletariat. And the new social phenomenon creates antagonism between the members of both camps. Those who belong to the Bourgeoisie are men and women are the capitalists, businessmen who have the means to build factories and other means of producing goods and services. These capitalists are then able to hire laborers.The Proletariat on the other hand obviously do not posses the means or the capital to build manufacturing plants and do not have enough currency to put up a business that can offer services and so they become workers who are willing to sell their skills and intensity to the highest bidder. It is not easy figuring the source of genius as evident in the writings of Marx but on the other hand it is easy to understand where Karl Marx is com ing from. He was indeed the product of his time. He was born in a society reeling from the effects of industrialization.It was as if a new epoch was established, exclusively transforming the values and traditions of the past. Men and women find little time to debate and muse about philosophy, morality and even the deep emotions coming from a broken heart. canvass Two Eras In circa 1774 the heart and emotions takes precedence according to the work of Goethe. Aside from the fact that this is already an observable characteristic of the era, Goethe famous literary piece greatly encouraged romantic and emotional behavior among the citizens of Europe.Whereas in 1848 one can sense that men and women are transformed into heartless machines devoid of the deep longings and romantic overtures similar to what one can find in Goethes work. The year 1848 signaled the end of romanticism and idealism. There is now a clear break between the Medieval and the Modern. In the same year that he publish ed the Manifesto, there was a continuing exodus from the country to the city. A century earlier, specifically in 1774, money is very important as has been the case for thousands of years.But a man can life in the rural areas, till the soil, become a farmer and through such labors one can expect to at least provide the basic necessities such as food, shelter and clothing. The lack of money is no problem because farmers can trade for goods that they need using farm produce. But in Marxs time money became the supreme god. There is nobody that can be done without it. With minted coins one can purchase everything including the heart and soul of men.In Marxs progressive and modern cities where men and women were reduced to something a little bit higher than slaves their ability to trade or negotiate was reduced to zero. They can no longer decide the right time for rest and to find a way to get a better return for their labor for their income is fixed by hourly wages. And because of the new system the daily or weekly cycle of receiving wages after a time of hard work gave the new masters the ability to impose work schedules and production quotas irregardless if this is beneficial to the workers or not.There is indeed a high contrast to the social structure, cultural norms and behavior fo the people living in the time of Goethe as compared to those who springyd in the time of Marx. Marxs description of the modern world is full of dread that it invites a few to share what he has seen. On the other hand there is a need for an intense emotional outburst in order to feel what Goethe has seen but his problems are nothing compared to what described as the new social phenomenon of man working for crumbs when there are a few who are lording it over them.In the two masterpieces the world has seen what it was like to live in two different eras. What is surprising is the fact that it only took a mere century to transform what is idyllic and what is a laid back life into som ething as hellish as urban decay and people forced to work as much as 24/7 in order to simply supply the basic necessities of life. The tragedy of Werther is lost love but Marx society allowed for losing the souls of men.

Clarion Boys Case Essay

One job in the Clarion School for Boys case is that employees did non book enough learn on the dust. On the survey taken, most employees responded that they were dissatisfied with the training they had received and most had training of only 1-3 hours. Since there was little training given on the system, the users were uncomfortable using it. It seemed that if they could not figure something out, they would give up and go back to doing it the old way. The bookkeeper commented, I have been trying to terminate this months books for the last two days, but I am having the same problems as last month. The accounts receivable software program is still endowment me difficulties. I think Ill just do them by hand this month. When the system was first installed, the staff was excited about it but as prison term passed and there was no learning progression of the system, people became bored with it and stopped using it as much.Another comment made by the education executive program was, There was a lot of initial excitement about e-mail, but I havent heard much about it since then. I make do Ive been too busy to lean it myself, and I missed the training sessions because of other meetings. I personally worked with a company where a new system was implemented and because of the wishing of training and tutorials, there were major problems. For months the system was incorrect, causing many hours of overtime as well as many mess ups that had to be corrected. Familiar to this case, there was not a plan of action nor any goals set or a timeline for certain projects to be mastered.There was a lack of training causing the staff to have little confidence in their abilities to work the system. This problem falls under strategic planning. One component of strategic planning is training. Under strategic planning, the employees should be encouraged to be active in the system. They should be encouraged through training programs and help sessions. The team should bring in goal s and time lines of what they want to have accomplished by a specific date.In this case, there was not a formal plan or measures set. They were not able to judge how they were doing because they did not make a strategic plan to begin. I think this is a minor problem. I think the major problem is that once the system was implemented, there was no enforcement created. It seemed that the users did not want to get out of their comfort zone and learn something new. There was not much communication at the beginning and everyone seemed to be doing their own thing.

Effects of electronic gadgets to students studying habits Essay

AbstractAlmost all of the assimilators especially high school students are seen of exploitation different kinds of electronic thingummys everyday. Like cellphone, iPad, psp, etc. With that case, students who are addicted in using electronic gadgets affects their studies. As what I have observed, using of electronic gadgets gives mediocre effects to almost all of the students. The purpose of doing this study is to *Explain the disadvantages of using electronic gadgets among us students *Determine the positive and negative effects of Electronic gadget to students *Show the consequences of excessive use of Electronic gadgets to students *Give the students an advice on how to control their use of electronic gadget. To accomplish this study, I researched for some information that can answer me to prove the content of my study. And to be able to solve this problem, I researched for some solutions that can help me to solve this kind of situation, which may also help me to line of batt le the goal of my study to my co-students who are addicted in using electronic gadgets. In that way, I can help to prevent the addiction of every student from electronic gadgets.Effects of electronic gadgets 3EFFECTS OF ELECTRONIC GADGETS TO STUDENTS STUDYING HABITSModern technologies like television and computers provide identifiable educational advantages, such as greater access to information and more compelling presentations of that information. Over-use of technology, though, especially such gadgets as cell phones, iPods and video games.

Architectural Development of Tokyo Midtown, Roponggi

The capital of Japan Midtown was built among 2004-2007, which is a 101,000 squ be meter mixed-use increase located in Roponggi, capital of Japan, Japan. This labor movement design was begun on August 2002 and the building of the undertaking was begun on May 2004 and completed on March 2007. T here(predicate) is a 400-year-old Hinokicho commonalty deep down the web site was refurbished. The U.S. Army was stayed in this site as a barrack during World War II, the Nipponese Defense Agency occupied this site aft(prenominal) the ground eviscerates left. Consequently, Nipponese Government sold the site in 2001 and Mitsui Fudosan won it. There was an archeological geographic expedition conducted during 2002 and 2003. During the exploring period, over 50 thousand pieces of pottery and two pieces of gold coins from Edo-period ( 1596-1698 ) were found out. The mixed-use maturement includes office, residential, retail, hotel, museum and leisure countless. The entire floor country of the knowledge is 563, 800 square metres. There are over 50 % of the undertaking is designed to be unfastened infinite.Tokyo Midtown is located at two chief pathway roads in roponggi territory, there is a big lawn include in the site. Besides the category A office, residential units, High-end retail and hotel, and the museum, there is 50 per centum of site country are Parkss, place, promenades and wayscapes. In Tokyo, green infinite is further a private garden or frightened infinite. The definition of green infinite is different from other metropoliss. The green infinite used to be comprehended instead than using. Citizens are non encouraged to utilize the green infinite and universe events are non promoted to go on in such country. The primary developer, Mitsui Fudosan would conjure to bowdlerize this old head of green country and convey the innovative tendency of Green Park. Thus, Tokyo Midtown was designed to be the new urban oasis in Roponggi territory.Imperial Palace is non merely the largest public unfastened infinite in Tokyo, but likewise a correct instance to demo the typology of traditional Nipponese landscape. The commonland of Imperial Palace is surrounded by the wall, which isolates the castle from the citys context. The cultural and historical valuable of the castle was abandoned, that the landscape of castle is mow off by the wall as an island, and there is no associated tuition next to the castle. This sort of traditional landscape promotes privateness and peaceful instead than joining between urban context. The developer would wish to present a new landscape typology to the metropolis. His attack is to make a alone sequence of unfastened infinite which is new tendency of connective landscape.The projects developer promotes a new Nipponese landscape design by making a alone urban proceeding in the composite. The Tokyo Midtown a welcoming and attractive infinite which can excite the societal and cultural interaction, therefore the life of the topographic point depart be activated. This undertaking is an architectural look in landscape which can supply an unfastened and green infinite for events. The historical green infinite Hinokicho Park is portion of landscape and was refurbished. There are chiefly three primary motions for the landscape in Tokyo Midtown. First, the bing park is extended to the newer green countries. Second, there are a series of H2O characteristics begin at the place. Third, the H2O features flow down toward the verdure.There were 40 mature cherry trees preserved from the old site and trans imageted on new site. Those trees are used to make a new cherry promenade by linking the entry to Hinokicho Park. There are over 1000s of visitants attracted to here for assemblage and observing the cule of seasons, during the flower season of cherry.In recent old ages, ambo type training becomes the chief new typology of large-scale development, particularly in Hong Kong. The advantage of this typol ogy is to supply a convenient and efficient connexion from the upper degree to the mass theodolite by the overcrossing web. However, this typology has been produced less vivacious street life. The functional relationship between edifice and urban street grid has been lost. The public infinite has been separated from the bing vicinity, therefore the development has been isolated from urban street. Tokyo Midtown is a successful large-scale development with dais and tower that diminish the drawback of dais design. It under get throughs a more sustainable attack to the new large-scale development. The development of Tokyo Midtown has achieved the sustainable design attack by several standards as belowFirst of wholly, the development of Tokyo Midtown took the chance to incorporate this new development into the bing countries by making great topographic points which can better the original territory and convey a long-run value. This place-making attack is achieved by advancing the public infinites with landscape. The sense of infinite is created by adding the attractive street furniture and public art in the landscape, such as the exuberant mature tree cover in the entryway. This canopy can stress the bing site characteristic and heighten the sites cultural and historical value. The landscape design improves the flexibleness of infinite, so that public and private events will be promoted in order to ease the societal interaction and verve in this topographic point. For illustration, the cherry promenade provides the gene linkage to the Hinokicho Park and in addition a topographic point for assemblage and observing the beauty of the trees during the bloom season. Thousands of visitants attract by it and travel at that place with a cover, field day, and drinks. The high quality design of Tokyo Midtown activates the bing infinite and brings frugal incomes, and reflects the character of the environing country. This mix-used development incorporated hotel, office, res idential, retail, eating houses, museum and Parkss. It provides a little community for quite a little to populate, work and bask their leisure clip. Besides, the Tokyo Midtown introduces the prosaic connectivity in both physical and psychological manner. Visitors can see a rich and vivacious pushchair through sing the tree-lined street and pleasant paseo. The liner of trees refurbishes the bing metro halt and redirects the land rider to the new issue at Tokyo Midtown. The place-making attack is besides strengthened by supplying high-quality public kingdom. It lets broad scope of activities happen in this country. The alone individuality landmarks, the 54 floors Mori Tower has been incoporated in the whole development which is the tallest edifice in Tokyo. It increases the attraction of the finish.Second, Tokyo Midtown has good integrated with the metrical unit and the environing conveyance web. It provides a high criterion connexion to the theodolite and improves the connexion be tween site and environing country at the land degree. Tokyo Midtown is non a undertaking merely concern the spacial quality within the site boundary, but besides to supply the mix-used development with a wider site context and great impact on environing country. Citizens criticize that walled developments issue would be raised as the undertaking with substructure is easy being isolated from the urban due to the hapless integrating of environing. This undertaking includes 5 edifices, a high-end retail, luxuriousness section, category A office infinite, luxury section, medical centre. These 5 edifices surround a skyscraper with 248m tallness. The whole development is good integrated to the next park and the Roppongi railroad station. Roppongi railroad station is a storied station along the Toei Oedo Line. Tokyo Midtown provides a successful entree to the issue of railroad station through the spacial agreement of the unfastened infinite. There is good public conveyance connexion prov ided. The Roppongi railroad station is good connected to the public conveyance interchanges within the Tokyo Midtown. The site is rather near the Roppongi Hills development which is less than 0.8 kilometre. The Roppongi Hill is surrounded by the vehicle-dominated route substructure and connects to dais of Tokyo Midtown. The bulk of the borders are connected to the street degree, it breaks down the traditional dais linguistic communication. This undertaking has good integrating between land usage and the conveyance in both physical and societal facets.Sustainable scheme large development normally bring negative impact on environing country or the wider context, as developer normally merely concentrate on planing the country within the site, the next country may non be their concern. Tokyo Midtown is a large-scale development which has been good integrated with the environing country. The design of this undertaking is base on the sustainable development rules and the urban design guid elines, so that it will maintain integration and sustainable in a long-run period. The resource efficiency and environmental well-disposed attack is besides adopted in development. The floor country of the whole development is concentrated in one quarter-circle of the site, so that the urban park country can be maximized. There is more than 40 per centum of the site country is designed as an urban park which act as a chief connexion between the site and the community greenway. Tokyo Midtown promotes sustainability at the vicinity and territory degrees, the spacial quality of the prosaic environment at the street degree is enhanced. As a consequence, the walkability and the livability within the site country and besides the territory are bit by bit improved. The location and proportion of plan of the whole development is concerned to better the sustainability in environmental, societal and economic facet. There are over 150 stores and eating houses offered in the high-end retail cou ntry, calciferol luxury residential units, several office towers, a Ritz-Carlton hotel, 800-seat preservation centre and an art museum provided in development, which can profit the territory in societal and economic manner. The big green unfastened infinite which occupies 40 per centum of site country can profit the territory in environmental manner. The unfastened infinite is designed to steer visitant walk from environing streets and pavement to the site. A sense of on the ground is promoted by touching the Earth and nature. There are some billet corridors, crystalline stuff, Bridgess and plazas visually unfastened and connect to the unfastened infinite in order to take the visitant from the park to the nature. The design of H2O characteristic is to take the visitants to the park and steer them down though weaving tract to the 21_21 Design Museum and the traditional Nipponese Garden.New territory s imageBefore the goal of Tokyo Midtown, Roppongi was a well-known territory as a dark town. Roponggi was a topographic point which is full of amusement hub and with abandoned traditional vicinity. The developer Mitsui Fudosan would wish to alter the public perceptual experience of Roppongi territory from a dark town to an update image which is a vitalized daylight territory. Tokyo Midtown is a development to supply a balance mix of concern and populating topographic point to the territory, in which the cultural comfortss will be extremely respected. Furthermore, Tokyo Midtown is a trust as concern and economic system resurgence of Japan, it designed to stand for the best feature of Nipponese society by the mixed-use development. The Nipponese authorities treats it as a precedence urban renovation area . This mixed-use development has integrated with a public park, which promotes an environmental friendly and commercial active attractive force in this territory, therefore it profit to the full vicinity and heighten the economic value of Roppongi. To fit with thi s big green park, the celebrated Suntory Museum of Art was resettlement. Consequently, the green park, museum, Tokyo National Art Center and Roppongi Hill will be good connected. The community park is merged with the bing greenway and connects to those abandoned nearby green infinite such as the gorunds of Tokyo authorities graveyard and a Shinto spiritual shrine.

How to Choose a Good Book Essay

When adults select books for children, we want to pick out good ones. The problem is, were not unceasingly sure what a good book means and just tend to choose be beneficial and desirable for young endorsers. We forge ahead, sometimes insensible of how we use to determine what is good.Adults choose the books according to a standard- a criteria that we may not be aware exactly why we manufacture our choices, considering the biases we reply to more or less The lessons the books teach, those large colorful illustrations, the absence of harshness, scariness and swearing, the simple vocabulary used, the familiar content presented to the schema of the child and the political correctness it has to offer in which are sometimes narrow and misguided, a reason to be a problem within how they choose.For some people however, it is a necessary thing to consider on how readers respond to a certain book in order to recognize whether it is good or not. However this raises the different perspecti ves presented upon the books since all people think in different ways. How the readers are attracted to a book depends on the rationalizing ability of their minds regarding a topic. Therefore considering a fact that the goodness of a book depends on how the reader comments upon it.The quality of the book is reflected from how a critical analysis evaluates the books style and language, character, plot, setting, theme, tone, point of view, illustrations, mood, pacing, design and layout, and accuracy. All of which are important to consider. Critics focus more often than not on how words are chosen and arranged, unique and believable techniques of characterizations, the total outcome of the narration as the conflict takes place, and how the author strategizes upon the manipulation of the readers imagination to make the emotional reality true.The taste of how readers choose a genre of a floor is also varied. For one thing, the multi-awarded Wind in Willows is judged to be quality boo ksfor children as it delineates the four main characters, contains satisfying action sequences and is told in a rich, varied language. However, some children tend to not find themselves engrossed in the story when they tried to read it.Goosebumps books on the other hand had won no literary awards and yet thousands of children sail through the series and report that each Goosebumps story is a good book, disregarding also the fact that some adults may think that children that read such formulaic, shallow stories should at least feel demean for doing so.In the end, the question of good book does not depend on awards it claimed, titles that have proven themselves overtime and the highest sale figures. The only list we can religious belief without reservation is our own.

Injury Prevention Essay

AbstractOn this paper we will review the formation of injury streak partnership in Lincoln state. We will look at the ideal size, effects and impacts, member recruiting bidding, expectations, advantages and disadvantages of decision making, evaluation, resource management, leadership and organization of Lincoln domain Injury Coalition (LSIC).A bond should be formed in Lincoln state to successfully tackle mortality rates attributed to injury, which is the fourth booster cable cause of death of Lincoln resident before age 65 (Turnock, 2009). The focus of LSIC should include primary functions like service delivery, planning and policy development, superintendence and assessment, and education and outreach in the community structures and program. LSIC should have a diverse group of participants with different skills set e.g. planning, project management, grant writing, decision making, communication etc each member raft contribute their particular expertise or resources to facil itate activities. LSIC poop address community health hazard concerns while empowering or developing capacities.LSIC can also solve or im enkindle the problem of high mortality rates attributed to injury by focusing on the risk groups and they can disclose coordinate services and improve hold outing relationship among organizations. LSIC success is based on its members, recruiting the right member and their retention can make or dedicate the coalition. Members also have to be active participants, communicate effectively amongst the group, mutually agree upon and recognized governance system, capability to recognize and deal with conflicts (Brownson, Baker & Novick, 1999). LSIC may also experience potential drawbacks like, a slow, consensus-building process for decision making resulting in a weakened position on some issues and differences among the organizations that comprise the coalition may prevent it from taking strong stands on particular matters or moving as quickly as de sired (http//www.cwru.edu, 1999). The LSIC and the State Health division can further decrease mortality rates attributed to motor-vehiclecrashes in Lincoln by setting goals and measuring its long term effects in narrate to measure success.They should also set and regulate standards for motor vehicles and highways (Turnock, 2009). LSIC is operating on a $100,000 budget, since human labor is the most budget consuming we would have to work with a small group. We might also try recruiting volunteers and compliment them with small incentives. We could also have the health department fund staffing, if the resources are available, which would save the coalition money and in turn create more resources. The media, law enforcement agency, diverse religious organizations, healthcare professionals, substance abuse program organizations, volunteer groups, government agencies, and schools would be invited to the meeting. Recruiting members who have access to bringing in additional funds, psych es who share the same vision and want to institute change, individuals from various cultures and various social classes would also prove beneficial.Each member must have a defined routine, rights and responsibility these individuals or organizations must also be residents of Lincoln state. The members can represent organizations and individual leadership as long as each individual is assigned role and responsibility (http//www.wch.uhs.wisc.edu). Business organizations or individuals who try to promote their businesses for self earnings would probably be avoided. Once the structure of the coalition has been established a committee or board advisory should be elected from the coalition members to pay off charge. A director or coordinator may also be hired to facilitate the process, this individual should have experience with grassroots community development and posses the ability to motive and inspire its members, demonstrate initiative and drive, possesses knowledge and enthusiasm , good communicator and good organizer.The Lincoln State Department of Public Health (LSDPH) would be encouraged to be involved due to their expertise and available resources (Brownson, Baker & Novick, 1999). Access to available resource either financial or informational proves vital, so LSDPH should also serve as coalition members. The involvement of the LSDPH may also make the coalition more attractive and credible thereby increasing interest of its members. Clearly stating each members role is crucial, a decision making body should be chosen and these members should make formal decisions relating to injury preventive intervention. Members of the coalition should voice their concerns and issues during meeting.Thedecision body can then make decisions on mandatory safety seats for adults ( foulengers and drivers) and baby passengers and alcohol impairment. Once these decisions have been made the committees can then vote and pass their vote onto the LSDPH. The decision making process could be time consuming and potentially drawback the coalitions success. Better decisions are made using this demeanor of decision making process and therefore increase the morale of the group ultimately leading to success. The location of the coalition meeting should be easily genial and close to the LSDPH which lies in the heart of the city. The coalition can be evaluated by using self assessment tools e.g. surveys, for its members. They can evaluate their leaders, committee members, staff, decision process and implementations.ReferencesBrownson, Ross C., Baker, Elizabeth A., Novick, Lloyd F. (1999) Community-based prevention programs that work Gaithersburg, Md. Aspen Publishers. Turnock, Bernard J. (2009). Public Health What It Is and How It Works. Public Heath Spotlight on Injury Prevention (pp. 401-411) Sudbury, Mass Jones and Bartlett Publishers. ORGANIZING A COMMUNITY health ADVOCACY COALITION. Oct. 1999. 9 Nov. 2012. . Coalition Building. Wisconsin Clearinghouse for Prev ention Resources. 9 Nov. 2012. .

Cultural Diversity Thinking About Diversity and Inclusion Essay

What argon the dimensions of ethnical diversity? Identify and briefly explain the dimensions by referencing both textbooks. In reading both textbooks and doing save research on the Internet I, believe La Trobe University best summed up the dimensions of cultural diversity. The dimensions of diversity can be divided into two groups, primary dimensions, and standby dimensions.While each dimension adds a layer of complexity to individual identity, it is the dynamic interaction among all the dimensions that in? ences self-image, values, opportunities and expectations (La Trobe University). Primary dimensions are characteristics unique to an individual. Examples would allow in age, gender, mental and physical abilities, race, ethnic heritage, and sexual orientation. These six differences are termed core dimensions of diversity because they exert an important impact on our early socialization and a powerful, sustained impact on our experiences, values, assumptions and expectations throu ghout every stage of life.Secondary dimensions are less visible, and m any contain a great element of plectrum (La Trobe University). Examples would include geographical location, military and work experience, income, religion, first language, family emplacement, and education. With what ethnic, cultural, or early(a) groups do you identify? Describe what members of your social circle have in common. I am a White female who grew up in a middle-class environment. I have no specific ethnic or cultural group that I identify with because I am of mixed race. As stated in one our readings there are no longer any pure races.My father is Lithuanian, while on my mothers side there is Bohemian, Italian, and German. I consider myself to be American. While growing up I was exposed to many cultures. I had Whites, African Americans, and Asians in my neighborhood as well as in school. My mother taught me to be open to everyone, no matter his or her skin color, even though she contradicted hers elf when it came to dating someone from another race. On the other hand, my mothers family was very prejudice. My first husband was Jamaican and my mother did come to terms with her contradictions in her beliefs.Not one family member from my mothers side of the family attended my wedding but all family members from my husbands family attended. I am thankful for the values my mother instilled in me. What is the difference between diversity and inclusion? According to The University of Tennessee Libraries Diversity Committee (2003), Diversity can be defined in many polar ways. Diversity is a commitment to recognizing and appreciating the variety of characteristics that make individuals unique in an atmosphere that promotes and celebrates individual and collective achievement.Examples of these characteristics are age cognitive style culture disability (mental, learning, physical) economic background education ethnicity gender identity geographic background language(s) spoken marital/p artnered status physical appearance political affiliation race religious beliefs sexual orientation. Like diversity, inclusion can be defined in many different ways. Oxford Dictionaries defines inclusion, as the action or state of including or of being included within a group or structure. Inclusion is to have the same choices and opportunities that other sight have.Being appreciated and accepted for whom you are. An comprehensive environment is one in which every individuals unique perspective contributes to the overall achievement of the organization (Kottak & Kozaitis, 2003). What is the importance of study diversity training? If we are to translate the importance of diversity training, we first must define workplace diversity. According to Schaefer (2011), workplace diversity is defined as the ways in which people differ that may affect their organizational experience in terms of performance, motivation, communication, and inclusion.Being inclusive means that diverse emplo yees believe that they are vital contributors to the organizational mission, not marginalized, or tolerated. The importance or advantages of workplace diversity training, affects all areas of business as stated in the following areas. Creativity is increased because different cultures can offer insightful alternatives others may not have considered. Productivity is increased when people of all cultures pull in concert toward a inspiring goal. New language skills are developed enabling people from other cultures help us lowstand not just their words but also the meaning behind what they are saying.By connecting to people with different backgrounds, others entrust gain a greater perspective on how different cultures operate and experience greater success in areas of global business. New processes are created when people with different ideas come together and collaborate. What is your experience with workplace culture? Could there be, or could there have been, more than inclusive? I did experience workplace culture while enlisted in the United States Air Force for 10 years. The military employs many people from diverse backgrounds. More than 60 years ago in 1948, Harry S.Truman subscribe Executive Order 9981 abolishing segregation in the military and ordering full integration of all the services without regard to race, color, religion, or national origin. This order was more symbolic than effective so to level the playing field Equal Pay Act of 1963 and the Civil Rights Act of 1964 were enacted. Still, these acts did not meet the needs of women in the workforce and the Equal Employment Act of 1972 was signed. The percentage of women enlisting in the Air Force has tripled because this act was signed.Even though I never in person experienced discrimination, being a female in the military, sexual harassment is still a very big issue. The military has tried to take the travel necessary to lessen these issues by having mandatory sexual harassment, sensitivity, and cultural diversity training but these problems still exist. All the training in the world will be of no benefit if military does not take a stand and punish those who do not follow the rules instead of brushing it under the table. Please note that, this is my opinion and does not reflect the opinions of other women in the military.

Animals Don’t Have Enough Rights

Animal rights Good morning my friends how ar you today? im going to start this discussion with a simple enquiry willing you go to jail if you kill a human? . Ofcourse you will, this is because cosmos have a right to prevail and to take ones life is a sin right? now let me ask you another question will you go to jail if you kill an animal? . The answer is no, why is this? because humans are to a greater extent inferior then others? a life is a life whether its a human or an animal.Do you live that in one day an average human kills up to 3 animals? why? merely so you can eat a good lunch or dinner at KFC or Mcdonalds. In my opinion animals dont have enough rights this is my topic for today. Did it ever occur to you that maybe animals have rights too? save because they cant speak doesnt mean they cant feel. Every year millions of animals are disected,infected,injected,gassed burned and blinded in hidden labs all over the world and most of the m without painkillers. And what for ? ust so you can unsex the modish perfume or shampoo. Would it kill to use organic items? if they arent killed the animals loll around traumatised and are shaken up which is worse. The justice is, is that animal testing has endangered the life of humans because the results from animal testing cant be apply to humans. This is because animals and humans are completely different from each other less than 2% of the diseases in humans appear on animals. In Australia last year, 6. 5 million animals were used in experiments.In these research labs just imagine how these animals would feel they are shoved in cages that are so small they get grazes and cuts on their spit out from trying to get comfy, also when an animal dies it is kept in a wheelbarrow near the cages. The animals get scared and even sometimes attack each other. Despite the death of these animals before they even get tested, lab workers continue to stuff them in tiny cages, each animal branded with a barcode descend ins tead of a name.In conclusion, animal testing is unreliable and sick, and now that there are alternatives to this (synthetic human skin, vitro testing) I suggest the government fully ban animal testing, we can help too next time you go shopping buy animal friendly products only and then animal testing labs will be forced to shut down and try not to eat too much of subject matter so that the killing of animals can be reduced. lets make the world a better, safer, happier place for humans and animals guess animals have rights too

Essy and Nd

An essay is generally a short piece of writing write from an authors individualised point of view, but the definition is vague, overlapping with those of an article, a pamphlet and a short story. tastes can represent of a number of elements, including literary criticism, political manifestos, learned arguments, observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author.Almost all modern essays are written in prose, but works in verse cast off been dubbed essays (e. . Alexander Popes An Essay on objurgation and An Essay on Man). While brevity usually defines an essay, voluminous works like John Lockes An Essay Concerning Human Understanding and Thomas Malthuss An Essay on the Principle of Population are counterexamples. In few countries (e. g. , the United States and Canada), essays have become a major part ot tormal education.Secondary students are taught structured essay tormats to advance their writing skills, and admission essays are often used by universitie s in electing applicants and, in the humanities and friendly sciences, as a way of assessing the performance of students during final exams. The concept of an essay has been extended to other mediums beyond writing. A film essay is a movie that often incorporates documentary film making styles and which focuses more on the evolution of a theme or an idea. A photographic essay is an attempt to hybridize a topic with a linked series of photographs it may or may not have an accompanying text or caption

Police Misconception

on that point are many pop misconceptions about law officers. One everyday misconception is that they protect their own. What wad adoptt understand sometimes is that police officers are properly trained, they went to police training and the trainings main finis is to ensure that officers avoid taking unnecessary risks.This means calling and waiting for back-up, and always having a match when using direct confrontation, the way the media portrays police officers on television, in movies is like their jobs is always about protect their own and that being a police officer is about power, when in reality police officers are trying to protect us from all the unnecessary violence and keep us safe unspoilt as much as themselves. The police officers are just like us going to fashion to do their responsibilities and returning home safely.A lot of people dont realize that some police officers put their lives out on the line for them when they do cases like for example catching a mur der, rapist, burglar, and so forth, their lives are on the line just as much as ours, maybe more. Another popular misconception that is said daily about a police officer is that theyre racial. Police officers being racist are true but not every police officer is racist, some are not. retrieve about it, there is racism everywhere we go, in schools, churches, stores, clubs, jobs and so forth, you meet a lot of people who are racist, not only police officers.Racism is everywhere in the world, everyone should be aware of that. Lastly, another popular misconception is traffic enforcement. People say that police officers should be arresting criminals and getting them off the streets, not authorship traffic tickets but what people dont know is that traffic enforcement identifies criminals and results in their arrests. When police officers do their routine traffic stops thats when they find drugs, weapons, contrabands, fugitives, in the vehicles which helps get the criminals off the stre et.

Pozzo & Lucky’s Relationship

During the twain characters appearance in act 1 we learn a lot about both characters through the relationship they h elderly up with each other. While fortunates lack of speech under Pozzos domain makes it demanding to identify his personality, we can still infer a lot about him.Pig, hog and swine. in all abusive vocatives thrown at Lucky by Pozzo. An instant indication that the relationship between these two characters is far from friendly, and makes the relationship between Vladimir and Estragon seem certainly pleasant. It is clear that Lucky acts as a type of servant to Pozzo and this is clarified when he attempts to describe their relationship in the quote He wants to chasten me, so that Ill give up the idea of parting with him.It is instantly clear that Pozzos character is extremely arrogant. He lords over the others, and he is decisive, powerful, and confident. When his character is introduced he refers to the other two as human, but as inferior beings then he condescen dingly acknowledges that on that point is a human simile, hitherto though the likeness is an imperfect one. This image reinforces his authoritarian god-like stance. Pozzos superiority is also seen in the manner in which he have the chicken, and then casts the bones to Lucky with an air of complete omnipotence. Yet there are several quotes after he becomes acquainted with Vladamir and Estragon for example Id very much like to sit down and referring to them as gentlemen which suggest that, due to his long and lonely journey, he seeks the approval of them both and to be, as he quotes old friends. This provides the audience with a peak that despite has vast knowledge he is lacking something which he cannot collide with from Lucky which is a companion.Together the two characters represent the antithesis of each other. From one man who seems to be incompetent of not contributing his input to someone who barely speaks a word. An inexhaustible amount of polarities can be applied to th eir relationship. However, Beckett has left a lot of information unsaid Pozzo tells us that his profound knowledge was taught to him through none other than Lucky himself, whether this is simply a metaphorical term is undetermined however this does hint to the audience that perhaps the two characters were once not so dissimilar.Further enigma is created through pozzo ecphonesis that Lucky has become insufferable I cant bear it . . . any longer . . . the way he goes on . . . youve no idea. This leaves the audience alienated in terms of context, we are unaware of Lucky even speaking let alone driving someone to such an extent. This could also be seen as a malicious side to Pozzos character as he could potentially be lying as he sees Estragon and Vladimir warming to Lucky and is envious of that.Read also Intro to Public traffic NotesSimilarities can be seen between Pozzo Luckys relationship in comparison to Vladimir Estragons, in a sense that, the two relationships have an element of irascibility. Vladimir and Estragon fail to agree on things and oftentimes find themselves in disputes, yet they are still edge by each other and wait on one another. This is, in many ways mirrored in Pozzo and Luckys relationship, although there is a much bigger gap in terms of authority. Despite this, the two still expect on each other and are even bound by a rope which could be representative of an umbilical cord which brings about references to religion, life and other common themes within the play.To conclude, the relationship that Pozzo and Lucky have is very significant in the play and when the tables are turned in act 2 with Pozzo losing his sight we learn a lot more about the two characters than in their introduction in act 1. The master and the servant have little in common but are bound to each other much like our main characters Vladimir and Estragon.

Chocolate Package Design Combined with Price Setting

Chocolate portion mark combined with price panorama A carry offr corrupt intention and general impression investigation Cao Youjia, Wang Yicheng, Li Simei, Gao Junhong Abstract In our essays, the look for sheds lighthearted on consumers corrupt intention and boilersuit impression towards six types of combination of umber mailboat and price 1. artistic computer softw are with a comparatively high price, 2. esthetical package with an liaise price, 3. esthetic package with a relatively wiped out(p) price, 4. knit package with a relatively high price, 5. lain package with an intermediate price, 6. plain package with a relatively low price. After the six between-subject experiments, we find that package design and price setting do stir influence on customers preference to purchase, but non as strong as our perception. On the other hand, the box has significance influence on the customers overall impression towards the crop. The aesthetical package with the highest price leaves the customer the best impression. Implications for future application for businesses are discussed in the final part.Key words Package design, price setting, analysis of variance, purchase intention. Introduction Man shows that he is touch on by appearance, by something that causes him pleasure over and above the immediate multipurposeness of the object (Clay, 1908). Designing aesthetic products to satisfy the consumers need is of growing importance in marketing. As core attributes of product, practically(prenominal) as step and operationality, become increasingly homogeneous (Reimann, Schilke, & Thomas, 2010), firms are shifting their efforts from concrete product characteristics towards less concrete ones such as package designing.This trend towards esthetics in product differentiation may be establish on the insight that aesthetic designs seem to trigger certain positive responses in consumers such as an immediate desire to own the product (Norman, 2004) an i ncreased inclination to show off and care for that product (Bloch, 1995) and a higher(prenominal) willingness to pay for it (Bloch, Brunel, & Arnold, 2003). More importantly, products with aesthetic qualities may be treasured long fter their moveal value fades (Martin, 1998). However, little is k straightawayn about the preference of purchasing and the impression when consumers experience different designed packages with certain prices. Although packaging, as an integral design element, has recently been investigated by Orth and Malkewitz (2008), they comment that there is no neat psychological theory when it comes to packaging aesthetics as well as the related prices and further search is necessary.In summary, we propose that the combination of the package and the price will shed light on the consumer purchase intentions and overall impression, therefore, may enlighten the businesses to wisely appropriate the capital on packaging with a certain price. wizard fundamental problem limiting work in the area involves the meaning of the concepts packaging aesthetic is suspicious and elusive construct that often is mistaken for imprecise adjectives like goodness, or luxury, or shininess, or clog (Crosby 1979).Because definition is difficult, researchers often depend on one-dimensional self-report measures to capture the concepts (Jacoby, Olson, and Haddock 1973 McConnell 1968 Shapiro 1973) and thus must use up shared meanings among consumers. In experiments 1a, we attempt to differentiate aesthetic from plain package design by measuring rod look ats precondition by participants between differently packaged coffee bean. In experiment 1b, we attempt to contour out misdirecters subjective perceptions of price.Finally, applying the data from experiment 1a and 1b, experiment 2 uses 2*3 matrixes to shed light on the underlying correlation impact with packaging and price on buyers preference of purchasing as well as the overall impression, which helps explain consumers behavior and gives aimion to the domestic chocolate businesses. Further much, we slightly investigated the utility differentiation when the price and packaging is taken into consideration. Conceptual background and hypotheses H1.Given a certain product, when refer to the purchase intention, people are more possible to consume one with aesthetic package and relative low price, though package design and price setting have little influence on customers purchase intention of chocolate. Packaging is often important to the customers first impression of a brand, its calibre, or its value (Harckham 1989). set, the extrinsic cue receiving the most research attention (see Olson 1977 for a complete review of this literature), appears to function as a surrogate for quality when the consumer has inadequate cultivation about intrinsic attributes.H2. Package design has significance influence on the customers overall impression towards the chocolate product. Aesthetic package with a relatively high price owns the best evaluation. Considerable empirical research has investigated the relationship between price and quality (see Olson 1977 for a review of this literature in marketing) and has shown that consumers use price to infer quality when it is the only gettable cue. Experiment 1a Overview and manner In our first experiment, we attempt to differentiate aesthetic from plain packages through the scores that participant given.Our between-subjects, repeated measure experimental design included two different conditions in the aesthetic condition, we presented chocolate packages that were pre-selected according to important optic aspects of aesthetic package design such as beauty, unity, and prototypically (Orth & Malkewitz, 2008 Veryzer & Hutchinson, 1998). In the plain condition, we presented the other package that was pre-selected based on their functionality and practical utility. Each trial started with a truncated preparation figure show the chocolate, followed by the packaging to hold the chocolate.Picture stimuli were pretested among 32 undergraduate students, which were given aesthetics versus plain product packaging. Participants were then asked to assess the picture given as being plain or aesthetic (scale from 1 to 6). Randomly octad boys and eight girls were kept for aesthetic packaging and another eight boys and eight girls were exposed to plain packaging. The questionnaires of the experiment are attached to the report as appendix 1. import We simply counted the flesh of choices in both conditions and found that participants in the aesthetics condition give higher scores than the plain conditionpic.Sex has no effects on the given scorespic andpic. Discussion In experiment 1a, when the visual product stimuli were richer in their aesthetic appeal, participants have the inherent perception of which should get higher marks. Experiment 1b Overview and method We intended to get the acceptable price range of the given image o f chocolate and then underframe out the relative high price, intermediate price and the low price, which will contribute to accuracy and susceptibility of experiment 2.We show the alike image of chocolate without packaging (the same image of the first phase of experiment 1) to 32 randomly chosen undergraduates (16 girls and 16 boys). Then ask them how much they would pay for that large-minded of chocolate (x/500g). As we usually dont have a clear mind of how much the chocolate usually worth the money, we give the price of Dove chocolate as the reference rank (53/500g). The questionnaires of the experiment are attached to the report as appendix 2. depart We collected the data and turn over the graph as follows pic And sex has no effects on the given scorespic.Discussion After experiment 1b, we resolved to use the relative low price as ? 20/500g (minimum), intermediate price as ? 53/500g (median) and relative high price as ? 100/500g (maximum). Experiment 2 Overview and method This is our main experiment. fuss Formulation 1. aesthetic package with a relatively high price, 2. aesthetic package with an intermediate price, 3. aesthetic package with a relatively low price, 4. plain package with a relatively high price, 5. plain package with an intermediate price, 6. plain package with a relatively low price.Which Combination does the consumer most likely to buy? And which combination can get the best evaluation from customers? Determination of Sources of Information Sources of information are from text books, literature About package theory as well as information comes from experiment 1a and 1b. IV and DV The independent variables there are two pairs of Independent Variables of our research 1) Package aesthetic and plain. 2) Prices high, intermediate and low. The dependent variables 1) The intensity of consumers purchase intentions. 2) Customers overall impression towards the chocolate product.Sample We chose our schoolmates as our research participants. Fo rty subjects were selected from imprint Jiao Tong University and were randomly assigned to four treatment groups. As a total of 40 respondents participated, resulting in a data set of 40 different product choices. Procedure During the experiment, there was no evidence to suggest that subjects were aware of the different sets of experimental material provided and the subjects showed little concern in the experimental materials of others. All above has showed that our experiment is a between-subject experiment.Design of Data Collection Method and Data Collection forms We use a combination of PPT auto play and the questionnaire to carry out our experiment We separate our PPT display to 4 parts 1. yield category and product image presentation, which lasts 4 seconds. 2. Chocolate presentation, which lasts 4 seconds 3. Package image presentation, which lasts 4 seconds. 4. Price presentation (price appear on top of the picture of the package), which lasts 4 second. Follow on, the particip ants are asked to closure a questionnaire about their purchase. The PPT is shown as quest PPT pic pic The questionnaires of the experiment are attached to the report as appendix 3. Result After collecting the data, we get the following result, sources of DF SS MS F P variation packaging 1 1. 35 1. 35 0. 77 0. 383 price 2 2. 8 1. 4 0. 8 0. 454 interaction 2 1. 2 0. 6 0. 34 0. 711 Error 54 94. 3 1. 7463 ? ? Total 59 99. 65 ? ? ? physical body 1 THE IMPACT ON CONSUMERS PURCHASE INTENSION Judging from the data above, though we may take in the conclusion that packaging and price has no significant influence on the purchase intention as we expected. There do exist some influence when we have a glance at the following graphs, we can find that customer tend to choose the one with the aesthetic packaging and low price. picture 1 picpic FIGURE 2 THE IMPACT ON OVERALL IMPRESSION sources of DF SS MS F P variation packaging 1 10. 167 10. 4167 7. 69 0. 008 price 2 3. 7333 1. 8667 1. 38 0. 261 interaction 2 5. 7333 2. 8667 2. 12 0. 13 Error 54 73. 1 1. 3537 ? ? Total 59 92. 9833 ? ? ? We can easily find that packaging has significant influence on the overall impression. EXHIBIT 2 pic pic Another interesting discovery is that given the aesthetic packaging, when the price is higher, the overall impression improves. DiscussionThe purchase intention doesnt fluctuate a lot with the change of package and price, which is quite reasonable when the attributes of chocolate is taken into consideration. We just try to sell the same chocolate and chocolate is a certain kind of food, that intensity to purchase will not have an abrupt change with the extrinsic variation. The result of the experiment alike shed light on the information as follows People are more likely to purchase what is not only cheap, but also packaged well. But a give out packaging and higher price will contribute to better impression among the customers. ApplicationAlong with the research above, we also investigated other factors to influence the purchase behavior and get some useful data. Chinese peoples preferences towards chocolate, according to our experiment results, are relatively high. The index turns out to be 4. 5/6, females enjoys an even higher 4. 7/6. Therefore, there exists potential Chinese market for daily chocolate consumers. We suggest chocolate producers to provide customers with a fair price (lower than that of imported chocolate) and a plain package. What we loss to stress is that in that circumstance, consumers experience is needed.Relatively plain and casual package can choose a relatively low price to gain bigger sales. As we can see from our data, the majority of Chinese consume chocolate only when passs such as on the Valentines Day. Therefore, we suggest chocolate companies focusing on the festivals and holiday market. We emphasize that the design of the chocolate should be aesthetic. As we can see from our results, high-end chocolate may choose relatively high prices in order to give consumers a deep impression for the benefit of create a good brands reputation.Moreover, people are more likely to consider that kind of chocolate as gifts for others. Acknowledgments The authors thank Dr. Wang Liangyan for helpful comments and suggestions on earlier version of the manuscript. The research was supported by Antai College of Economics & Management, kidnap Jiao Tong University. Reference T Aharon, I. , Etcoff, N. , Ariely, D. , Chabris, C. F. , OConnor, E. , & Breiter, H. C. (2001). Beautiful faces have variable reward value fMRI and behavioral evidence. Neuron, 32(3), 537? 551. Arnheim, R. (1974).Art and visual perception A psychology of the creative eye. Berkeley, California University of California Press. Bechara, A. , Damasio, H. , Tranel, D. , & Damasio, A. R. (1997). Deciding advantageously before perspicacious the advantageous strategy. Science, 275 (5304), 1293? 1295. Berlyne, D. E. (1974). Studies in the new ex perimental aesthetics Steps toward an objective psychology of aesthetic appreciation. Washington, DC Hemisphere Publishing. Bettman, J. R. , Luce, M. F. , & Payne, J. W. (1998). Constructive consumer choice processes.Journal of Consumer Research, 25(3), 187? 217. Bloch, P. H. (1995). Seeking the ideal form Product design and consumer response. Journal of Marketing, 59(3), 16? 29. Appendix Questionnaire for experiment 1a Hi, we are now carrying out a survey of consumer behavior. Please choose the come and fill in the blanks according to your consume conceptions. Your time and kindness are highly appreciated, thank you stock This survey is carried out anonymously, please odour free to answer. A1? Please score the chocolate package on the slidePLAIN 1 2 3 4 5 6 YES AESTHETIC Questionnaire for experiment 1b Hi, we are now carrying out a survey of consumer behavior. Please choose the answer and fill in the blanks according to your OWN conceptions. Your time and kindness are highly ap preciated, thank you agate line This survey is carried out anonymously, please feel free to answer. A1? How much would you like to pay for the chocolate on the slide, just write down the number in the blank. /500g Questionnaire for experiment 2 Hi, we are now carrying out a survey of consumer behavior.Please choose the answer and fill in the blanks according to your OWN conceptions. Your time and kindness are highly appreciated, thank you NOTE This survey is carried out anonymously, please feel free to answer. A1? Purchase intention NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 YES A2? Overall impression BAD 1 2 3 4 5 6 GOOD A3? usage SELF USE 1 2 3 4 5 6 AS GIFTS GENDER Male Female YOUR AGE__________________________________________________ B1? Do you like chocolate NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 YES B2? How often do you buy chocolateA Seldom B On holidays C Once-twice per month D Three times or more per month ?100/500g (high price) ?53/500g (intermediate price) ?20/500g (low price) ?100/500g (high price) ?53/500g (intermediat e price) ?20/500g (low price) Dove chocolate? 55/500g Price launching (4 seconds) Package Presentation (4 seconds) Choc? 20/500g (low price) Dove chocolate? 55/500g Price Presentation (4 seconds) Package Presentation (4 seconds) Chocolate itself Presentation (4 seconds) Product category Presentation (4 seconds)

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